Shariah Ruling on Cryptocurrency: A Fatwa by Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani

Shariah Ruling on Cryptocurrency: A Fatwa by Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani

The rapid rise of digital assets has sparked widespread debate over their compliance with Islamic jurisprudence. As cryptocurrencies like USDT and various tokens become increasingly integrated into everyday commerce, everyday users face critical questions regarding the validity of transactions conducted with them.

In light of these developments, a prominent Islamic scholar has clarified that cryptocurrency is not considered property under Shariah, making cryptocurrency purchases and subsequent resales impermissible. Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani, president of Wifaq-ul-Madaris Al-Arabia Pakistan and Darul Uloom Karachi, has issued an official legal decree (Fatwa) regarding the use of cryptocurrency in buying and selling goods.

What the Fatwa Says

The fatwa declares that, based on expert opinions gathered so far, cryptocurrency is not considered Mal (property or wealth) under Shariah. Instead, it is described simply as a record of notional numbers in an account.

The following is the complete translation of this official ruling addressing a specific inquiry regarding the use of cryptocurrency to purchase physical books and digital educational courses.

Important Note on Translation Accuracy:

Please note that this document has been translated with the assistance of artificial intelligence. While we have taken every precaution to ensure that the exact technical meaning, Islamic legal terminology, and context are accurately preserved, translations can occasionally omit subtle nuances. If you notice any phrasing that appears incorrect or could be improved, we kindly ask you to inform us in the comment section below. We will carefully review your feedback and make any necessary corrections.

The Official Decree (Fatwa) Translation

Part 1: Ruling on Purchasing Physical Books with Cryptocurrency

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

الجواب حامداً ومصلياً

(1) — In the questioned scenario, it was not permissible for you to purchase the mentioned books through cryptocurrency; because according to the research and opinions of experts so far, cryptocurrency is not considered wealth (Mal). Rather, it is merely an entry of imaginary numbers in a ledger, whether it is in the form of USDT or in the form of a crypto token. Therefore, purchasing with cryptocurrency is not valid, due to which you have not become the owner of these books, nor is it permissible for you to sell them further. Instead, it is mandatory (lazim) upon you to return these books to the person from whom you purchased them.

فقه البيوع: فق: ٢٤٦ و ٢٤٧

والثاني: ما بطل بسبب انعدام مالية المبيع أو الثمن شرعاً؛ ويدخل فيه صور آتية: ١- بيع الخمر أو الخنزير أو الميتة أو الدم المسفوح أو الحرّ، وكلّ ما لا يُعتبر مالاً في الشرع.....

حكم البيع الباطل: أنه لا يترتّب عليه أيّ أثر من آثار البيع، حتّى إنّ المشتري لا يملك المبيع، وإن قبَضه، وهذا متّفق عليه.

Fiqh al-Buyu' (Jurisprudence of Sales): Vol. 1, p. 246 & 247:

"The second type: That which is void (batil) due to the non-existence of financial value (maliyyah) in the item sold or the price from a Shariah perspective. Included under this are forms such as: selling wine, swine, a carcass, or spilled blood, and everything that is not considered wealth (Mal) in Shariah...

The ruling of a void sale (Al-Bay' al-Batil) is: that absolutely no effects of a sale apply to it, to the extent that the buyer does not own the sold item, even if they have taken possession of it. And this is agreed upon."

Part 2: Ruling on Acquiring Digital Courses and Digital Material

(2) — According to the research and opinions of experts so far, cryptocurrency is not considered wealth (Mal). Rather, it is merely an entry of imaginary numbers in a ledger, as described in point number (1). Therefore, in the questioned scenario, obtaining the educational course through cryptocurrency was not correct. Furthermore, since it was sent against the law, it is not permissible for you to use this course, nor is it permissible to pass it on to anyone else. Thus, it is mandatory upon you not to use this course and not to derive any kind of benefit from it. And since, according to the details mentioned in the question, this course is in digital form, which remains in the possession of the seller, you must now completely delete all material related to the mentioned course from this collection.

درر الحكام في شرح مجلة الأحكام (١/ ٥١٢):

(المادة ٤٥٩) لا تلزم الأجرة في الإجارة الباطلة بالاستعمال لكن تلزم أجرة المثل إن كان مال الوقف أو اليتيم. والمجنون - في حكم اليتيم.

لا تلزم الأجرة في الإجارة الباطلة باستعمال المأجور واستيفاء المنفعة منه ولو كان المأجور معدا للاستغلال؛ لأن الإجارة لما كانت حينئذ باطلة وغير منعقدة أصلا كان ما في ضمنها باطلا أيضا فيكون انتفاع المستأجر بالمأجور بدون عقد وهو من قبيل ما ورد في المادة ٤٧٢ (راجع المادة ٥٢) .

Durar al-Hukkam fi Sharh Majallat al-Ahkam (1/512):

"(Article 459) Rental payment (ujrah) is not mandatory in a void lease (al-ijarah al-batilah) by mere usage, but the payment of an equivalent fair price (ujrat al-mithl) becomes mandatory if it involves the property of an endowment (waqf) or an orphan. And a person with mental disability is treated under the ruling of an orphan.

Rental payment is not mandatory in a void lease by the usage of the leased asset and the full utilization of its benefits, even if the leased asset was prepared for generating revenue; because the lease at that time is void and not concluded at all, along with whatever it contains within it being void as well. Therefore, the utilization of the asset by the lessee without a contract falls under the scope of what has been stated in Article 472 (refer to Article 52)."

حاشية الطحطاوي على الدر (٨٨/١٠)

(الفاسد) من العقود (ما كان مشروعاً بأصله، دون وصفه، والباطل ما ليس مشروعاً أصلاً لا بأصله ولا بوصفه (وحُكْمُ الأول) وهو الفاسد (وجوب أجر المثل بالاستعمال) لو المسمى معلوما ابن كمال (بخلاف الثاني) وهو الباطل فإنه لا أجر فيه بالاستعمال حقائق (ولا تملك المنافع بالإجارة الفاسدة بالقبض، بخلاف البيع الفاسد).*

Hashiyat al-Tahtawi 'ala al-Durr (88/10):

"(The Fasid/corrupt) contract is that which is lawful in its essence (asl) but not in its description (wasf), and the void (batil) contract is that which is not lawful in its essence at all, nor in its description. And (the first ruling) which is for the Fasid contract (is the obligation of an equivalent fair price upon usage) if the specified price is known, according to Ibn Kamal (contrary to the second ruling) which is for the void contract, for indeed there is no rental payment for it upon usage, according to the realities (Haqaiq). (And benefits/usufruct are not owned in a corrupt lease (al-ijarah al-fasidah) by possession, unlike a corrupt sale).... "

Classical Jurisprudential Appendix

قوله: (والباطل ما ليس مشروعا أصلا لا بأصله ولا بوصفه لأنه حيث فسد الأصل فسد الوصف لتبعيته والباطل كأن استأجر ميتة أو دم أو استأجر طيباً ليسمه أو شاة لتتبعها غنمه أو فحلاً لينزو أو استأجر رجلاً لينحت له صنماً أو يزخرف له بيتاً بتصاوير، أو قال أَمِيرُ الْعَسْكَرِ لِمُسْلِمٍ أَوْ ذِمِّيٍّ: إِنْ قَتَلْتَ ذَلِكَ الْفَارِسَ فَلَكَ مِائَةُ دِرْهَمٍ فَقَتَلَهُ لَا شَيْءَ لَهُ......

قوله: (فَإِنَّهُ لَا أَجْرَ فِيهِ بِالِاسْتِعْمَالِ) ظاهره ولو معدا للاستغلال؛ لأنه إنما يجب الأجر فيه إذا لم يستعمله بتأويل عقد أو ملك كما سلف، وهنا استعمله بتأويل عقد باطل ومحرم!......................والله سبحانه وتعالى أعلم بالصواب

His saying: (And the void contract is that which is not lawful in its essence at all, nor in its description) because where the essence is ruined, the description is ruined due to its dependency. The void contract is like hiring someone to carry a carcass, blood, or wine for him to smell, or a sheep to follow his herd, or a stallion to mate, or hiring a man to carve an idol for him, or to decorate a house for him with images, or if the commander of an army says to a Muslim or a Dhimmi (non-Muslim citizen): 'If you kill that horseman, then his hundred Dirhams are yours,' so he kills him, nothing belongs to him......

His saying: (For indeed there is no rental payment for it upon usage) Its apparent meaning is: even if it was prepared for generating revenue; because rental payment only becomes mandatory when it is used under the interpretation of a contract or ownership, as mentioned previously. But here, he used it under the interpretation of a void contract, which is futile and forbidden!

And Allah Subhanahu wa Ta'ala (Glorified and Exalted is He) knows best what is correct.

This decree underscores a highly conservative approach within Islamic finance regarding digital currencies, emphasizing that an asset must possess intrinsic, recognized value (Maliyyah) to be valid for transaction. Because the jurists conclude that cryptocurrencies—including stablecoins like USDT—amount merely to imaginary digits rather than tangible or legally recognized wealth under Shariah definitions, the underlying transactions are deemed legally void (Batil). Consequently, ownership is not transferred, and buyers are instructed to undo the transactions completely, returning physical items and permanently deleting digital goods. As the digital economy continues to evolve, this ruling serves as a vital case study on how traditional Islamic principles are applied to modern decentralized assets.

The Ethical Ruling on Using Cracked Software: A Scholarly Reflection

The Ethical Ruling on Using Cracked Software: A Scholarly Reflection

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

The question of whether one may download cracked or pirated software—such as Microsoft Office or Adobe products—for personal or educational use is increasingly common in our digital age. Many assume that as long as no profit is being made, the act is harmless. Yet, when examined through the lens of Islamic ethics, the matter requires careful consideration.

The Principle of Harm and Unlawful Consumption

Islamic teachings firmly discourage any action that causes harm or injustice to another. Piracy, at its core, involves taking the intellectual property of others without permission. The creators of such software invest significant time, effort, and financial resources into developing their products. To use their work without authorization is to benefit from their labour unjustly.

While some may argue that piracy does not truly harm the broader economy, this debate does not negate the underlying ethical issue. Even if economic impact were dismissed, the act remains one of taking what one has no right to take. Allah Most High states:

وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا أَمْوَالَكُم بَيْنَكُم بِالْبَاطِلِ وَتُدْلُوا بِهَا إِلَى الْحُكَّامِ لِتَأْكُلُوا فَرِيقًا مِّنْ أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ بِالْإِثْمِ وَأَنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ

“And do not consume one another's wealth unjustly, or send it [in bribery] to the rulers in order that you may consume a portion of the wealth of the people in sin, while you know [it is unlawful].”
— Surah al-Baqarah 2:188

This verse reminds us that any form of unjust consumption—whether through theft, deception, or unauthorized use—is impermissible.

Distinguishing Between Piracy and Downloading

A nuanced point must be acknowledged: the individual who downloads pirated software is not the one who originally created or distributed the illegal copy. Their intention may not be malicious, nor are they profiting from the act. However, by knowingly downloading such material, they indirectly support and encourage the wrongdoing. In Islamic jurisprudence, assisting in sin—even indirectly—is discouraged.

Thus, while the downloader is not the primary perpetrator, the act remains disliked due to its association with and support of an unlawful activity.

Ethical and Practical Alternatives

Islam encourages seeking permissible means whenever possible. For those who genuinely cannot afford premium software, several lawful alternatives exist:

  • Use free versions when available, such as Microsoft Office Online.
  • Choose lower‑tier or limited‑feature versions that may be more affordable yet sufficient for one’s needs.
  • Explore alternative software that is legally free or less expensive.
  • Purchase the premium version if no suitable alternative exists; the investment is ultimately worthwhile and ethically sound.

A Gentle Reminder

The pursuit of knowledge and personal development is noble, but it must be accompanied by integrity. Choosing lawful means, even when inconvenient, brings barakah (blessing) into one’s efforts and protects one from moral compromise. May Allah grant us clarity, sincerity, and the ability to uphold justice in all aspects of our lives.

The Severe Islamic Prohibition of Interest (Ribā): A Divine Declaration of War and Prophetic Condemnation 📜💰

Involvement with interest (Ribā) constitutes a severe transgression in the Islamic faith, drawing the wrath of Allāh Ta'ālā (God, the Most High). The Holy Qur'ān explicitly and unequivocally forbids this practice, warning believers against its consumption and participation.


Qur'ānic Injunction and Declaration of War

Allāh Ta'ālā addresses the believers, emphasizing piety and the immediate abandonment of any remaining interest, underscoring the gravity of the matter with a stark consequence for non-compliance.

The Qur'ān states:

يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَذَرُوا۟ مَا بَقِىَ مِنَ ٱلرِّبَوٰٓا۟ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ

فَإِن لَّمْ تَفْعَلُوا۟ فَأْذَنُوا۟ بِحَرْبٍۢ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ ۖ وَإِن تُبْتُمْ فَلَكُمْ رُءُوسُ أَمْوَٰلِكُمْ لَا تَظْلِمُونَ وَلَا تُظْلَمُونَ

O you who believe, fear Allāh and give up what still remains of ribā, if you are believers. But if you do not (give up), then listen to the declaration of war from Allāh and His Messenger. However, if you repent, yours is your principle. Neither wrong, nor be wronged. (2:278-279)

This powerful declaration in the verse (2:279) signifies the extreme detestation of Ribā in the Divine Law (Sharī‘ah). It elevates the non-abandonment of interest to a hostile act, equating it with an open war against Allāh and His Messenger (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam).

The verse also mercifully offers the path of repentance (Tawbah): if one repents, they are entitled only to their principal sum (rū'ūs amwālikum), ensuring a just outcome where the creditor does not wrong (taz̧limūn) the debtor by taking excess, nor is the creditor wronged (tuz̧lamūn) by losing their original capital.


Prophetic Condemnation and Universal Curse

The prohibition of interest is further reinforced through the teachings and explicit curse of the Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam). Interest is so highly detested in the Sharī‘ah that the Prophet (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) did not limit his condemnation to the main parties but extended it to all individuals facilitating the transaction.

It is narrated in a Hadīth (Prophetic Tradition):

جابر قال لعن رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم آكل الربا وموكله وكاتبه وشاهديه وقال هم سواء ا – صحيح مسلم

Jābir (Raḍiyallāhu 'Anhu) narrates that Rasūlullāh (Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam) cursed the one who receives interest (ākil al-ribā), and the one who lends it (mu’kiluhu), and the one who writes the transaction (kātibuhu), and those who are witness to it (shāhidayhi). He said, "They are all the same." (Sāhih Muslim)

The crucial phrase, "They are all the same" (hum sawā’), underscores that responsibility and sin are shared equally by everyone involved—the lender, the borrower, the scribe, and the witnesses. This serves as a potent deterrent against participation in or documentation of interest-bearing contracts.


The Lawfulness of Loans

Based on these fundamental principles, it is categorically unlawful (harām) to be involved in interest-bearing loans. In contrast, loans that are completely free from interest (Qard Hasana, or beautiful/good loan) are lawful (halāl) and, in fact, encouraged as acts of charity and mutual assistance within the community. The distinction lies between financial transactions intended for unearned profit (Ribā) and those intended solely for benevolent aid (Qard Hasana).

Nurturing the Spiritual Desire (Tawfīq) and Selecting a Qualified Guide (Murshid) for Advancement on the Path 🕋

The nascent desire to spiritually progress and draw nearer to Allāh Ta‘ālā is a profound blessing, known as Divine success (Tawfīq). This feeling is a sensitive and honourable guest from the Almighty; it must be welcomed and capitalized upon while it is still fresh. If this spiritual inclination is neglected or treated with indifference, this precious Tawfīq may fade, making it difficult to rekindle the motivation for inner development in the future.


The Necessity of a Spiritual Guide

For those encountering difficulty in spiritual progress on their own, seeking the assistance of an experienced spiritual guide (Ulama or Murshid) is highly recommended. A truly qualified guide can help easily propel the seeker to greater heights of spirituality by illuminating the pitfalls of the ego and mapping out the precise steps of the spiritual journey (Sulūk).


Guidelines for Choosing an Appropriate Spiritual Guide (Murshid)

The process of selecting a guide must be approached with utmost seriousness, as the guide will impact the seeker's innermost spiritual state. The following criteria are essential markers of a qualified Murshid:

  1. Sufficient Knowledge of Dīn: The guide must possess a robust, comprehensive understanding of the entire Islamic faith and its sciences.
  2. Adherence to Sharī‘ah: His beliefs, practices, and habits must strictly conform to the teachings of Sharī‘ah (Islamic Law). Deviations in practice or belief invalidate his guidance.
  3. Renunciation of Worldly Greed: He does not have greed for worldly things and is not motivated by wealth, fame, or material gain.
  4. Tutelage and Authority: He himself must have been tutored by a spiritual guide who established a chain of verified spiritual lineage (Silsilah).
  5. ‘Ulamā’ Confidence: The respected ‘Ulamā’ (scholars) and the pious individuals must have confidence in him and acknowledge his spiritual integrity.
  6. Following of the Insightful: People with good foresight and sound understanding of Dīn follow his teachings and example.
  7. Quality of Followers: The majority of his followers are pious and actively renounce excessive worldly gains, demonstrating the positive effect of his training.
  8. Corrective Action: He actively corrects his followers and immediately stops them when they commit wrong, acting as a spiritual physician.
  9. Effect of Company: Even a few days in his company must demonstrate a noticeable spiritual effect: it should remove the love of the world (Dunyā) and instill within the person the love of Allāh Ta‘ālā.
  10. Consciousness of Allāh: He himself is personally conscious of Allāh (Muraqabah and Taqwa) and meticulously abides by the laws of Sharī‘ah.

Immediate Spiritual Practices for the Seeker

While the seeker diligently attempts to identify a suitable spiritual guide, they should not neglect their immediate obligations and recommended practices. It is crucial to be steadfast on all obligatory prayers (Farā’iḍ).

In addition, the seeker should allocate specific time for the following highly recommended practices (Awrad):

  • Qur’ānic Recitation:
    • Read Sūrah Yā-Sīn in the beginning of the day (after Fajr).
    • Read Sūrah Tabārak (Al-Mulk) and Sūrah Wāqi‘ah before going to bed.
  • Daily Tasbīḥāt (Remembrances): Dedicate a fifteen-minute period in both the morning and evening to engage in the following three recitations (Tasbīḥāt):
    1. The Third Kalimah (Declaration of Glory and Oneness): Recite one hundred times.
    2. Durūd Sharīf (Salutations upon the Prophet, Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam): Recite one hundred times.
    3. Istighfār (Seeking Forgiveness): Recite one hundred times.

These Tasbīḥāt must be performed with full concentration and sincere love for Allāh Ta‘ālā to ensure their spiritual effect penetrates the heart.

Seeking Divine Guidance: The Practice and Supplication of Ṣalāt al-Istikhārah 🤲✨

The noble practice of Istikhārah refers to the act of “Seeking good in any important matter or task.” It is a profound act of worship and reliance upon Allāh Ta‘ālā, affirming that true knowledge of what is best lies only with the Creator. When faced with a significant decision, a believer turns to Allāh (Subḥānahu wa Ta‘ālā) for guidance, entrusting the outcome to His limitless Knowledge and Power.


Performing Ṣalāt al-Istikhārah

The Ṣalāt al-Istikhārah (Prayer for Seeking Good) is a recommended Sunnah practice, performed specifically when one is undecided about taking on a permissible matter. The procedure is straightforward yet deeply meaningful:

  1. Perform Two Rak‘āt: The believer first performs a two Rak‘āt (units) of supererogatory Ṣalāh (prayer). This initial act demonstrates humility and readiness for worship before making the supplication.
  2. Recitation in Ṣalāh: It is recommended to recite Sūrah al-Kāfirūn (Chapter 109) in the first Rak‘ah after Sūrah al-Fātiḥah, and Sūrah al-Ikhlāṣ (Chapter 112) in the second Rak‘ah after Sūrah al-Fātiḥah.
  3. Recite the Du‘ā’: Immediately after completing the two Rak‘āt and performing the Taslīm (ending the prayer), one should raise their hands and recite the specific Du‘ā’ (supplication) of Istikhārah.

The Sacred Supplication (Du‘ā’) of Istikhārah

The Du‘ā’ of Istikhārah is a comprehensive plea, acknowledging Allāh's Sovereignty and seeking His best decree for the believer's life in this world and the Hereafter. The Du‘ā’ begins with praise and salutations:

Beginning of the Supplication:

اَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، وَالصَّلاةُ وَالسَّلامُ عَلَى سَيِّدِنَا مُحَمَّدٍ وَّعَلَى آلِهِ وَأَصْحَابِهِ أَجْمَعِينَ

Translation: “All praises are due to Allāh, the Rabb (Lord) of the Worlds. Salutations and Greetings be on our leader, Muḥammad, his family and all his Companions.”

The Main Invocation:

اَللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْتَخِيرُكَ بِعِلْمِكَ، وَأَسْتَقْدِرُكَ بِقُدْرَتِكَ، وَأَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ فَضْلِكَ العَظِيْمِ، فَإِنَّكَ تَقْدِرُ وَلاَ أَقْدِرُ، وَتَعْلَمُ وَلاَ أَعْلَمُ، وَأَنْتَ عَلَّامُ الغُيُوبِ، اَللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ خَيْرٌ لِّيْ فِيْ دِيْنِيْ وَمَعَاشِيْ وَعَاقِبَةِ أَمْرِيْ، فَاقْدُرْهُ لِيْ وَيَسِّرْهُ لِيْ ثُمَّ بَارِكْ لِيْ فِيْهِ، وَإِنْ كُنْتَ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ شَرٌّ لِّيْ فِيْ دِيْنِيْ وَمَعَاشِيْ وَعَاقِبَةِ أَمْرِيْ، فَاصْرِفْهُ عَنِّيْ وَاصْرِفْنِيْ عَنْهُ، وَاقْدُرْ لِيَ الخَيْرَ حَيْثُ كَانَ ثُمَّ أَرْضِنِيْ بِهِ

Translation: “Oh Allāh! I seek from You a decision by virtue of Your Knowledge (of what is best), and I seek from You the ability (to realise my object) by virtue of Your Power, and I ask You (to grant me) from Your Great Bounty, for indeed You have power and I do not have power, and You know and I do not know, and You are the Knower of the Unseen. Oh Allāh! If, according to Your Knowledge, this matter (at this point one states the matter or decision in question) is good for me with regards to my religious affairs, my worldly life and my final outcome (i.e. in the Hereafter), then direct it towards me and ease it for me, thereafter grant me blessing in it. And if, according to Your Knowledge, this matter is evil for me with regards to my religious affairs, my worldly life and my final outcome (i.e. in the Hereafter), then turn it away from me and turn me away from it. And direct towards me that which is good, no matter where it is, thereafter make me pleased with it (i.e. that good.)”


The Minimal Requirement and the Outcome

It is important to note that if a person cannot perform the full Ṣalāt al-Istikhārah for whatever reason—such as being unwell, menstruating, or having no time—they should at least recite the Du‘ā’ of Istikhārah. The emphasis is on the supplication, which expresses the reliance on Allāh, even though performing the Ṣalāh before the Du‘ā’ carries greater merit.

After completing the Istikhārah, the believer should then adopt a decision in accordance with whatever the heart is inclined towards. The inclination that follows the Istikhārah is considered the sign of Allāh's guidance.

Crucially, it is not necessary that a person sees any dream or receives a clear vision. The guidance manifests in the subsequent ease or difficulty encountered in pursuing the matter, and the genuine inclination that settles in the heart. One should simply proceed with whatever occurs to the heart after Istikhārah. Inshā’Allāh (God willing), there will be Khair (goodness) and Barakah (blessings) in that decision.

Holistic Approaches to Memory Enhancement: Insights from Islamic Tradition and Modern Research 💡🧠

Allah Ta’ala has created every human being with different qualities and traits. While some may possess extraordinary memories and great intellect, others may possess equally unique capabilities in a different field. If a person has a weak memory, that is only natural. Hereunder are different methods that one may adopt to enhance his memory:


🕌 The Foundational Principle: Abstaining from Sins

The cultivation of a strong memory, particularly for those seeking knowledge, begins with spiritual discipline. This is strongly attested to by the pious predecessors.

The great Jurist, Imam Muhammad bin Idrees Al-Shafi’ee Rahimahullah, once complained of his struggle with retention to his revered teacher, Imam Waki bin Jarrah:

شَكَوْتُ إِلَى وَكِيْعٍ سُوءَ حِفْظِي فَأَرْشَدَنِي إِلَى تَرْكِ المَعَاصِي

وَأَخْبَرَنِي بِأَنَّ العِلْمَ نُورٌ وَنُورُ اللَّهِ لَا يُهْدَى لِعَاصِي

Translation: I complained to Waki of bad memory; so he advised me to abandon sins

And he told me that knowledge is a light; and the light of Allah is not given to a sinner.

This critical advice was also emphasized by Imam Waki bin Jarrah in another instance. A student of Imam Waki bin Jarrah, a scholar mentioned in all six famous books of Ahadith, inquired about his (Imam Waki's) wonderful memory, which allowed him to memorize everything without notes:

قَالَ عَلِيُّ بنُ خَشْرَم: مَا رَأَيْتُ بِيَدِ وَكِيْعٍ كِتَاباً قَطُّ، إِنَّمَا هُوَ حِفْظٌ، فَسَأَلتُهُ عَنْ أَدوِيَةِ الحِفْظِ، فَقَالَ: إِنْ عَلَّمْتُكَ الدَّوَاءَ، اسْتَعْمَلتَه? قُلْتُ: إِيْ وَاللهِ. قَالَ: تَرْكُ المَعَاصِي، مَا جَرَّبْتُ مِثْلَهُ لِلْحِفْظِ

Translation: Ali bin Khashram said: I have never seen a book in Waki’s hand; it was only good memory (meaning he would always memorize everything; he did not need a book). So I asked him about the treatment for good memory. So he said: “If I teach you the treatment, will you use it?” I replied, “Yes, by Allah”. So he said, “abandoning sins; I have never experienced anything like it”.

If a person has a good memory but focuses towards sinful acts, the ability of his memory is also directed towards sinful acts. In such a situation, the brain consumes sinful content rather than correct and good content.


💪 Training the Mind: The Necessity of Working Hard

If a person possesses a weak memory by nature, he could enhance his memory by training the memory to retain information. For this, he has to work hard and put pressure on the brain to retain information. Gradually, the information will saturate in his brain and the ability to retain information will increase.

This concept is similar to the physique of a child. The limbs are weak in it’s initial stages. When it is trained to walk, then there is energy created for the legs to carry the weight and enable the child to walk. Over time, the same legs carry a person for long distances.

There are many Ulama who have excelled in Fiqh, Tafseer and Hadith due to hard work and putting pressure on the brain. Allah Ta’ala appreciates hard work and strengthens the person’s memory. Allah Ta’ala mentions in the Qur’an:

إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ

Translation: Indeed, Allah does not allow to be lost the reward of those who do good.


🍯 Enhancing Cognitive Function: Consuming Brain Food

Apart from two factors mentioned above, abstaining from sins and working hard, a person may also enhance his memory with brain food. See the following:

The Islamic Perspective on Diet

Scholars have mentioned certain foods and remedies which increase the memory, such as drinking honey, eating raisins, and chewing certain kinds of gum resin and nuts such as, almonds, walnuts, pistachios, etc.

  • Honey:

Rasulullah Sallallahu Alayhi Wasallam is reported to have mentioned:

"إِنْ كَانَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَدْوِيَتِكُمْ خَيْرٌ، فَفِي شَرْبَةِ عَسَلٍ، أَوْ شَرْطَةِ مِحْجَمٍ، أَوْ لَذْعَةٍ مِنْ نَارٍ، وَمَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَكْتَوِيَ"

Translation: "If there is any good in your medicines, then it is in a gulp of honey, a cupping operation, or branding (cauterization), but I do not like to be (cauterized) branded.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) also said:

"عَلَيْكُمْ بِالشِّفَاءَيْنِ: الْعَسَلِ، وَالْقُرْآنِ"

Translation: “You should take the two that bring healing: Honey and the Qur’an.”

Imaam al-Zuhri Rahimahullah has reported to have mentioned in Al-Jami of Imam Al-Khateeb Al-Baghdadi:

قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: «عَلَيْكَ بِالْعَسَلِ فَإِنَّهُ جَيِّدٌ لِلْحِفْظِ»

Translation: "You should eat honey because it is good for the memory.”

Specific remedies involving honey include: Take ½ tsp cumin powder. Add 1 tsp honey. Mix well. Have this twice a day. Take 1 tbsp honey. Add a pinch of cinnamon powder. Have this at bedtime.

  • Raisins:

Imaam al-Zuhri Rahimahullah also mentions:

عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، قَالَ: " مَنْ سَرَّهُ وَقَالَ الْهَاشِمِيُّ: مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَحْفَظَ الْحَدِيثَ فَلْيَأْكُلِ الزَّبِيبَ "

Translation: "Whoever desires to memorize hadeeth should eat raisins.”

  • Almonds:

It was the practice of many elders to soak seven pieces of almonds over night and eat them the next morning. This has also proven to be beneficial in enhancing the brain.

  • Almond-Milk Shake: This home remedy holds good for the students and also the persons who are engaged in mental work. You should keep in mind that this boiled almond milk shake should be taken in an empty stomach and also not to consume any food for a minimum of two hours after drinking this boiled almond milk shake: Allow seven almonds to stay overnight in water. In the morning, peel and grind them into paste. Mix this paste in a glass of milk. Boil the almond-milk shake for some time. Drink the milk shake for 15 to 40 days continuously to improve your memory status.
  • Almonds and Milk: Soak 7 almonds overnight in water. Peel off the skin the next morning. Eat them with 1 glass lukewarm milk.
  • Oats, Milk, Dates, Almonds and Honey: Take 1 cup oats. Add 1 cup milk. Add 3 chopped dates. Add 3 chopped almonds. Add 1 tsp honey. Mix well. Eat this for breakfast. Follow it with an unpeeled apple.

Modern-day Research on Cognitive Diet

Modern-day research claims that the issue might be as simple as fatigue, stress, or a lack of sleep. Eating excessively also makes one sleepy and lazy, dulls the senses, along with exposing one to the risk of physical diseases. Many of the diseases which we see today result from food and drink. Acidic food is also one of the causes for laziness and a weak memory. It also claims that the following have proved to be beneficial in regards to a weak memory (some have already been mentioned above):

  • Walnuts: This unique dry fruit acts as a best home remedy for weak memory. The walnut gives synergistic effect when twenty grams of this dry fruit is taken daily along with ten grams of raisins or fig. Pistachios have also proven to be beneficial due to their rich source of thiamine.
  • Fruits: Fruits play an important role in alleviating weak memory condition. The fruits rich in phosphorus are considered as the best home remedy for memory weakness. Apple, grapes, figs, dates, blueberries and oranges are considered to be a more effective home remedy for weak memory. Carrots, eggs, and okra are also very beneficial.
  • Herbs: Rose Mary is a very valuable herb for restoring a poor memory, which is botanically called as Rosmarinus Officinalis. This is always called as herb of remembrance. Rosemary is a perfect antidote for forgetfulness and mental fatigue. If you want to enhance your mental ability, make a tea with this herb and drink at least once or twice a day. Many herbs create a positive effect on memory. Take them as herbal teas by brewing 1 tsp. of herbs in 1 cup of hot water and let steep for ten minutes. Sage herbs are also very beneficial as they strengthen the ability to concentrate, mitigate mental exhaustion and improve the memory of the sufferer.

💉 Other Remedies and Spiritual Supplications (Duas)

Therapeutic Practice: Cupping (Hijamah)

Another procedure that can help the memory and reduce forgetfulness is cupping (Hijamah), as is well known from experience. Ibn Umar Radhiallahu Anhu also recommended such a practice.

Recommended Duas

Spiritual aid comes through specific supplications (Duas):

  • For Strength After Prayer: Placing one’s hands on the forehead after every fardh prayer and reciting the following eleven times is beneficial:

یا قوی

Transliteration: Ya Qawiyyu

The following dua is to be recited seven times after every prayer:

اللهم نور قلبي بعلمك واستعمل بدني بطاعتك

Transliteration: Allahumma Nawwir Qalbi bi ‘ilmika wasta’mil badani bi ta’atika

  • For Knowledge and Progress:

Hadhrat Thanwi Rahimahullah mentions in his Remedies of the Holy Qur’an:

رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي (25) وَيَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي (26) وَاحْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسَانِي (27) يَفْقَهُوا قَوْلِي (28)

Significance: One should recite this verse 20 times after Fajr Salaah everyday for strengthening his memory and progress in his knowledge.

He also mentions:

Anyone who recites Surah Al-Muddathir (Surah No. 74) regularly, and after that makes supplication (Dua), Memorizing of The Holy Qur'an will-lnsha Allah-became easy for him.

Excessively reciting the following is also beneficial:

رَبِّ زِدْنِي عِلْمًا

Transliteration: 'Rabbi Zidni Ilma'

Translation: 'O my Lord, increase my knowledge’ (Aamale Qurani)

  • Dua for Speech:

To enhance speech, one may recite in abundance the dua Sayyidina Musa Alayhis Salaam made to Allah Ta’ala, mentioned in the Qur’an:

رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي (25) وَيَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي (26) وَاحْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسَانِي (27) يَفْقَهُوا قَوْلِي (28)

Translation: "My Lord, expand for me my breast [with assurance] And ease for me my task And untie the knot from my tongue That they may understand my speech.

The many duas and remedies you have listed from the website are different methods that have been tried and tested and proved to be beneficial. You may use them to increase your memory but there is no assurance that you may instill every quality mentioned within yourself.